Reversing The Cancer Epidemic

5 Jenayah Kolar Putih / White Collar Crime

There is an overwhelming disparity between the full force of criminal law and punishment directed at perpetrators of theft, property damage, or personal violence and the lenient civil proceedings against managers and executives of industries and their consultants who knowingly manipulate, occupational and consumer hazards of their products and processes. White collar crime legislation is needed to correct this imbalance.

In the absence of such legislative disincentives, white collar crime in the areas of environment and health safety has continued unabated and extended into global markets.

Kanser Paru-Paru

Kanser paru-paru merupakan kanser yang paling tinggi kejadiannya dan penyebab utama kematian akibat kanser di Malaysia. 95% daripada pesakit kanser paru-paru meninggal dunia dalam tempoh 5 tahun selepas diagnosa dilakukan. 90% kanser paru-paru disebabkan oleh amalan menghisap rokok. Kejadian kanser paru-paru juga tinggi di kalangan orang yang tidak merokok tetapi terdedah kepada asap rokok (perokok pasif).

APAKAH KANSER PARU-PARU?

Kanser paru-paru merupakan pertumbuhan sel-sel abnormal di dalam paru-paru yang tidak boleh dikawal. Sel-sel ini tidak dapat mengawal pembiakannya secara teratur dan menghasilkan satu ketumbuhan yang disebut tumor. Jika tumor ini tidak merebak ke bahagian badan yang lain, ia disebut tumor benigna (bukan kanser). Sebaliknya, jika tumor tersebut merebak ke tisu-tisu dan organ yang berhampiran atau merebak melalui saluran darah atau limfa ia adalah tumor malignan (kanser). Apabila sel kanser ini merebak melalui saluran limfa, ia boleh menyebabkan kelenjar limfa membengkak. Apabila ia menyusur melalui saluran darah, ia boleh merebak ke organ lain khususnya hati, tulang, otak atau paru-paru yang sebelah lagi.

Membalikkan Wabak Kanser / Reversing The Cancer Epidemic

4 Jawatankuasa Pakar Dan Badan Penggubal Undang-Undang / Expert Committees And Regulatory Agencies

Key governmental decision and policies are generally determined by recommendations of cancer institutions, designated expert scientific committees and regulatory bodies. Their independence, integrity, expertise and accountability are thus matters of critical concern.

Legislation to ensure full accountability and transparency of all cancer institutions involved in cancer research and related activities is long overdue.

Legislation is also needed to ensure that cancer institutions direct the highest priorities, with minimally half their budgets specifically allocated to research and outreach on primary cancer prevention.

Adakah Semua Benjolan Dalam Payudara Menandakan Kanser? / Are All Lumps In The Breast Cancerous?

Nine out of ten lumps found in the breast are not cancerous. However, all lumps should be treated with suspicion, and you should consult your doctor immediately should you find one.

APPEAL TO ALL WOMEN

• FIGHT BREAST CANCER WITH MONTHLY BSE
• MAKE BSE A PART OF YOUR LIFESTYLE
• IF YOU FEEL A LUMP OR SEE ANY UNUSUAL CHANGES IN YOUR BREASTS, SEE YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY
• REMEMBER! BREAST CANCER IS CURABLE IF DETECTED EARLY AND TREATED PROMPTLY

Bila Mesti Melakukan PSP? / When To Do BSE?

Every month. If you are menstruating, BSE should be performed between the 7th and 10th day after the start of your period.

If your periods are irregular or you no longer menstruate, BSE should be done on a fixed day every month. Pick an easy to remember such as the first or last day of the month.


WARNING SIGNS TO LOOK FOR DURING EXAMINATION

• Lump in the breast or armpit
• Abnormal change in shape or size of the breast
• Abnormal dimpling or puckering of the skin of the breast
• Nipples become pulled in
• Bleeding or unusual discharge from the nipples
  

Apa Yang Boleh Anda Lakukan Untuk Mencegah Kanser Payudara? / What Can You Do To Fight Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is curable if detected and treated early. Breast cancer is one of the cancer, that is easily detected. Early detection is done through breast examination. All women aged 20 and above must do Breast Self-Examination (BSE) every month throughout their lifetime. For those above 30, they should also get a Breast Examination done by a doctor or other medical personnel yearly. Regular breast examination will allow a woman to discover cancer of the breast at an early stage when treatment is more effective.

Apakah Penyebab Kanser Payudara? / What Causes Breast Cancer?

The exact cause of breast cancer is not known. Any woman aged 20 and above is at risk of getting breast cancer. The following factors may increase a woman's risk of developing breast caner:

• Increasing age
• Family history of breast cancer
• Early onset of menstruation (before age 12) or late menopause (after age 50)
• Childless or giving birth to first child after age 30
• Diet high in animal fats
  

Apa Itu Kanser Payudara? / What Is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the number one cause of cancer deaths amongst Malaysian women.

Cancer of the breast is the result of an uncontrolled growth of cells within the breast tissue. If not detected and treated promptly, breast cancer can spread to the lymph glands and to other parts of the body such as the bones, lungs and liver.